Why many Nobel laureates are immigrants
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Why many Nobel laureates are immigrants
The Nobel Prize is awarded annually to individuals who have made outstanding contributions to physics, chemistry, medicine, literature, peace, and economics. The scientific journal Nature analyzed that since 2000, most of the Nobel Prize winners in physics, chemistry, and medicine have lived in the United States. Of the 202 scientists who have won the Nobel Prize in physics, chemistry, and medicine this century, 63 left their homeland or country before winning the Nobel Prize. Many have changed countries several times.
Many famous scientists, starting with Albert Einstein, were immigrants. Einstein left his birthplace in Germany and moved to Switzerland and later to the United States. Marie Curie left her birthplace in Poland and worked in France. Scientists immigrated mainly because there were more opportunities for scientific research. And so scientists went to places where there were more advanced training, equipment and research opportunities. Ina Ganguly, an economist at the University of Massachusetts Amherst in the United States, said, "Ingenuity can be born anywhere, but opportunities are not everywhere. I think that is why we see so many foreign Nobel laureates." André Jaime, a physicist at the University of Manchester in the United Kingdom and winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2010, was born in Russia to German parents. In addition to Russia, he has worked in Denmark, the United Kingdom and the Netherlands. In this regard, Jaime said, "I moved around like a pinball during my research. If you stay stuck in one place your whole life, you lose half the game.’ Economist Ina Ganguly said that after World War II, the United States became a global center for science. Researchers from different countries flocked to the United States for generous grants and research at top universities. What the United States has is unique, it is a popular destination for the best students and scientists. The next most popular destination is the United Kingdom.
Many Nobel laureates from the UK have also emigrated. Thirteen Nobel laureates born in the UK have won prizes while living in other countries. In this regard, scientist Wagner said that scientists are probably attracted by higher salaries and more prestigious positions. Many Nobel laureates from Germany have also emigrated. Six Germans have won Nobel prizes abroad. Four Nobel laureates from Japan, France and Russia have also won Nobel prizes abroad. About 37 percent of the Nobel laureates in physics this century are immigrants. Next are scientists who have won Nobel prizes in chemistry - 33 percent are immigrants. The number of immigrant scientists who have won Nobel prizes in medicine is about 23 percent. According to scientist Wagner, the expensive colliders, reactors, lasers, detectors and telescopes required for research in physics are in a few developed countries. And so the best talents go there.
Source: Nature.com
